Structure of Federal Democratic Republic
Nepal shall have three tiers of government: federal, provincial and local. Distribution of powers among the three tiers shall be as provided in Schedules 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
Three levels of government: (1) FEDERAL - Kathmandu handles defense, currency, foreign policy, central planning. (2) 7 PROVINCIAL governments - health policy, agriculture, education at province level. (3) 753 LOCAL governments - municipalities and village bodies handle roads, local schools, water, birth registration.
तीन तह: (१) संघ (रक्षा, मुद्रा, विदेश नीति), (२) ७ प्रदेश, (३) ७५३ स्थानीय तह (दैनिक सेवा)।
Federalism brings government closer to people. Local governments responsive to local needs.
Overlapping responsibilities cause confusion. Many provinces lack capacity, funds, and trained staff.